Water budget of lake Manzalah, Egypt

Abstract

About 6693 x 10 sup(3) of fresh and brackish water flows into Lake Manzalah annually through the main drains. This, together with precipitation (105.7 x 10 sup(6) m sup(3)/y) and evaporation (1075 x 10 sup(6) x 10 sup(6) m sup(3)/y) yield a net runoff of 5723 x 10 sup(6) m sup(3)/y into the lake. The volume of the lake is approximately 700 x 10 sup(6) m sup(3). This implies that the lake water is replaced every 48 days